Hospitals with "better-than-average" performance were more likely to publicly report the Elderly Surgery measure (p < 0.05). Hospital performance on process, HCAHPS, and outcomes measures were not associated with CMS-NSQIP participation for 54 of 58 measures examined. Only COTH membership remained significant in adjusted analyses (odds ratio 2.45, 95% CI 1.12 to 5.35). Participating hospitals had more beds, admissions, operations, and were more often accredited (Commission on Cancer and the Council of Teaching Hospitals ). Of the 452 ACS NSQIP hospitals, 80 (18%) participated in CMS-NSQIP public reporting. Additionally, performance on 2 waves of publicly reported ACS NSQIP surgical outcomes measures was compared. Regression models were developed to assess predictors of participation and to assess if hospitals differed on 32 process, 10 patient experience (Hospital Consumer Assessment of HealthCare Providers and Systems ), and 16 outcomes (Hospital Compare and Agency for Healthcare Research Quality) measures. Hospital Compare and American Hospital Association Annual Survey data were merged to compare CMS-NSQIP participants with nonparticipants. Our objective was to compare CMS-NSQIP participating hospitals with ACS NSQIP hospitals that elected not to participate. Participation in this CMS-NSQIP initiative is voluntary. Electronic address: October 2012, The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) began publicly reporting American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) surgical outcomes on its public reporting website, Hospital Compare. 5 Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL Center for Healthcare Studies, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL.4 John Hopkins School of Public Health, Division of Health Policy and Management, Baltimore, MD.3 Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL.2 Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL Center for Healthcare Studies, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.1 Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
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